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Recycle refers to the relevant operations which prevent waste disposal, and allows material to re-enter the loop. These are defined in Annex IV B to the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal.
Recycling operations usually involves the reprocessing of waste into products, materials or substances, though not necessarily for the original purpose. Recycling does not cover operations that only recover energy from waste (such as incineration of municipal waste).
Recycling is a valuable source of material. However, it requires collection systems, technology and infrastructures that are lacking in many countries. Materials can be recycled through different techniques and technologies by removing impurities and improving material quality, such as manual work, mechanical work, chemical and metallurgical process.
Useful resources
Stories
Read more about UNEP experience in building circularity
Tracking the recycling rate of the city of Brussels
Belgium | 2017-2018